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Working Paper 02 · Heirs' Property · Updated September 2026

Heirs' Property Metrics That Lead to Different Decisions

A transparent method for choosing where to target and what capacity to build

Why This Matters
A transparent metric system helps partners target limited resources for a stated purpose. Counts support staffing. Prevalence identifies concentration. Category mix identifies likely service demand. Value gaps describe different dimensions of neighborhood-scale value difference. NEXUS adds local pressure and protective capacity. Together, these measures make the reason for a targeting decision visible and testable.

Abstract

Project Guardian uses a family of metrics to move from detection to intervention. Counts estimate workload. Prevalence describes concentration within an eligible residential denominator. Category mix estimates the balance of estate resolution, multi-owner stabilization, and preventive planning that may be needed. The value gap compares the neighborhood median assessed value of probable heirs' properties with the median for other single-family homes. Total modeled value gap combines the positive per-home difference with the number of probable heirs' properties. Using Duval County neighborhood data, this paper shows that each metric produces a different priority list because each answers a different operational question. Used in sequence with NEXUS and local validation, the metrics create a clear and reproducible method for choosing where to focus and what capacity to build.

1. Start with the decision

MetricPlain-language definitionBest used forMain caution
CountNumber of screened probable heirs' property parcels or homes in a defined place.Estimating service volume and staffing.Large places often have large counts.
PrevalenceScreened count divided by a stated eligible residential denominator.Finding concentration and comparing places with different sizes.The denominator must be consistent and explicit.
Category mixShare screened as unresolved estate, multiple owners, or at risk.Choosing legal, mediation, planning, and outreach capacity.Categories are screening conditions, not legal findings.
Value gap per homeDifference between the neighborhood median for other single-family homes and the median for probable heirs' properties, when positive.Finding places where the typical gap is large.Assessed value is not a sale price or appraisal.
Total modeled value gapPositive value gap per home multiplied by the number of probable heirs' properties.Estimating the scale of a neighborhood-level difference.It is a modeled quantity, not guaranteed recoverable wealth.

Table 1. Five metrics and the decisions each one supports.

2. One county, three different rankings

By count
Lincoln V.
283
E. Jax
159
Biltmore
149
New Town
105
Pine Forest
98
By gap per home
Biltmore
$118.8k
New Town
$40.7k
Lincoln V.
$39.5k
Pine Forest
$32.4k
E. Jax
$17.4k
By total modeled gap
Biltmore
$17.7M
Lincoln V.
$11.2M
New Town
$4.3M
Pine Forest
$3.2M
E. Jax
$2.8M

Same five neighborhoods, three rankings — the leader changes with the question asked.

NeighborhoodProbable HP homesGap per homeTotal modeled gapMix: unresolved / multiple / at risk
Biltmore149$118,846$17,708,05421 / 115 / 9
Lincoln Villas283$39,518$11,183,59450 / 172 / 73
Pine Forest98$32,404$3,175,59226 / 55 / 14
New Town105$40,692$4,272,66036 / 54 / 10
East Jacksonville159$17,437$2,772,48352 / 91 / 19

Figure 1. Duval neighborhoods ranked three ways using the May 2026 Project Guardian neighborhood dataset. Neighborhoods shown have at least 20 probable heirs' property homes and a positive modeled value gap.

The figure makes the targeting choice visible. A neighborhood can rank high because it contains many probable heirs' properties, because its typical assessed-value difference is large, or because a moderate per-home difference affects many homes. Each ranking supports a different operational choice and should be presented with the decision it is meant to inform.

3. What the examples mean

Biltmore has 149 probable heirs' properties and a modeled gap of about $118,846 per home, producing a total modeled gap of about $17.7 million. This makes it important in a value-gap analysis even though other neighborhoods contain more probable heirs' properties.

Lincoln Villas has 283 probable heirs' properties, a modeled gap of about $39,518 per home, and a total modeled gap of about $11.2 million. Its larger count implies a different service-volume question.

Pine Forest and New Town have similar numbers of probable heirs' properties, but their category mixes, neighborhood conditions, and modeled gaps are not identical. A single countywide intervention would miss those differences.

East Jacksonville has 159 probable heirs' properties and a smaller modeled gap per home than Biltmore. Its critical pressure result and category mix may still make stabilization urgent. Urgency and modeled value difference are separate dimensions.

4. Category mix converts a ranking into a service plan

Category mix supplies the first operational distinction after a place is identified. A neighborhood with many unresolved estates may require probate navigation, heir identification, and title work. A neighborhood dominated by multiple-owner records may require owner identification, family engagement, governance, mediation, or partition prevention. A neighborhood with many at-risk records creates an opportunity for wills, estate planning, homestead review, and preventive outreach. Adding NEXUS then shows whether neighborhood pressure or protective capacity should affect timing, intensity, and partner strategy.

Targeting Rule
Choose the unit of action. State the operational decision. Select the metric that matches that decision. Show category mix next. Review NEXUS pressure and protective capacity. Then validate the parcels and service pathways with local partners.

5. Limitations

The Duval examples come from one May 2026 neighborhood dataset. The value comparison uses assessed values and neighborhood medians. It does not estimate the value of title clearance for a particular property. Negative or zero gaps do not measure the cost of ownership complexity. Counts can differ from county totals because the neighborhood file applies its own housing, geography, and matching rules. Every chart should retain the dataset name, source date, denominator, geography, and metric definition.
Summary
The Duval rankings confirm that targeting changes with the question. Biltmore rises when the typical modeled value difference is central. Lincoln Villas rises when service volume matters. Category mix then shows the likely balance of legal, stabilization, and preventive work, while NEXUS adds the neighborhood conditions that may affect urgency and delivery. Applied in sequence, the metrics create a planning method that partners can explain and repeat: state the decision, choose the matching measure, show the ownership-condition mix, review NEXUS, and validate locally. A funder, county, or community partner can see why a place was selected, what the selected metric means, and what evidence is still needed before action.
Data and Methods Used in This Draft
  • Project Guardian, Duval HP ratios dashboard v2-lite, May 2026 refresh, neighborhood polygons and Project Guardian probable heirs' property cohorts.
  • Project Guardian, Duval county screening summary, algorithm v4, 12 August 2026.
  • Metric definitions in this paper are working Project Guardian definitions for public explanation. They should be carried into the methods appendix of any release.
  • Regrid national parcel data and local county assessor and property records, used for ownership and property-value signals.
  • U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey and Decennial Census, used for household income and neighborhood context.
Release Boundary

These are working papers based on Project Guardian analysis files. Counts may change when source files are refreshed, county records are added, or screening rules are revised. Every public release should carry the source date, denominator, geography, and method version.